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Use SQL Query in Excel VBA


If you are an SQL junkie then using SQL in Excel VBA would be a good choice.

If just starting to embark on the SQL world, then it would be a fun also to use SQL statement in Excel VBA.

To start SQL queries in Excel VBA, it will need to reference to "Microsoft Activex Data Object 6.1 Library".

If Microsoft Activex Data Object 6.1 Library, is not found on the system.

Please refer to this Microsoft link:
https://support2.microsoft.com/kb/2640696?wa=wsignin1.0

To add reference using Excel VBA, press "Alt + F11" to open Excel VBA Project Window.

Click on "Tools" and click "References", then browse for Microsoft Activex Data Object 6.1 Library and click ok.

Or check out link below for the screen shot on how to add References in Excel VBA.

This link has screen shots on how to add references.
http://quickbytesstuff.blogspot.sg/2014/09/excel-vba-speak-method.html

Once the Activex Library is added, then it's time to code and have some fun.

There are two VBA code snippet below:

1. First VBA code, will search for the instances of string occurences and display the value on the next column.
   This first code, got a simple and basic SQL query to search for a string.

2. Second VBA code, will search for a particular string occurrence, plus another string value.
   And if the two value matches, it will be displayed on next columns.

First SQL statement is just like this:
SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$] WHERE [Colors of the Night] = 'Yellow'

It will find for "Yellow"  on the column labeled as "Colors of the Night".

The dollar sign at the end of Sheet1 is needed, or else VBA will throw an error.


Worksheet looks like this image below:
"Colors of the Night" is on A1 cell as reference, to the SQL Statement.



If the Excel VBA is not able to find the value specified on the SQL query.

Like, if "Colors of the Night" is not found on Sheet1.

VBA will show 'Run-time error' No value given for one or more required parameters.

The image shown  above is the data used for testing on this VBA code.

Its for illustration and sample purposes only. But the concept should be the same on any actual data.


Here's the VBA code for example number 1:

Sub SQL_VBA_1()

     Dim connect_Str As String

     Dim query As String

     Dim rstRecordset As ADODB.Recordset
    
    Dim fileName As String
    
    Range("B:B").Clear
    fileName = "D:\book1sql.xlsm"

     connect_Str = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" & _
               "Data Source=" & fileName & ";" & _
               "Extended Properties=Excel 12.0"

     
    query = "SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$] WHERE [Colors of the Night] = 'Yellow'"

  Set rstRecordset = New ADODB.Recordset
  rstRecordset.Open _
  Source:=query, _
  ActiveConnection:=connect_Str, _
  CursorType:=adOpenUnspecified, _
  LockType:=adLockReadOnly, _
  Options:=adCmdText

      rstRecordset.Fields.Refresh
    
        Range("B2").CopyFromRecordset rstRecordset
        'MsgBox rstRecordset.Fields.Count

     Dim cell As Range, i As Long
    With Range("A1").CurrentRegion
        For i = 0 To rstRecordset.Fields.Count - 1
            .Cells(1, i + 1).Value = rstRecordset.Fields(i).Name
        Next i
        .EntireColumn.AutoFit
        
    End With

 rstRecordset.Close
Set rstRecordset = Nothing

 End Sub


If everything goes fine, worksheet output will look like this:




Second SQL statement is this:
SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$] WHERE [Colors of the Night] = 'Yellow' And [Day] = 'Saturday'

This SQL statement has two "WHERE" clauses if neither one does not satisfy the value, then result will be empty.

Sample excel worksheet data looks like this image below:


Here's the VBA code for example number 2:

Sub SQL_VBA_2()

 Dim connect_Str As String

     Dim query As String

     Dim rstRecordset As ADODB.Recordset
    
    Dim fileName As String
    fileName = "D:\book1sql.xlsm"

     connect_Str = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" & _
               "Data Source=" & fileName & ";" & _
               "Extended Properties=Excel 12.0"  
    
    
    query = "select * from [Sheet1$] where [Colors of the Night] = 'Yellow' and [Day] = 'Saturday'"
  Set rstRecordset = New ADODB.Recordset
  rstRecordset.Open _
  Source:=query, _
  ActiveConnection:=connect_Str, _
  CursorType:=adOpenUnspecified, _
  LockType:=adLockReadOnly, _
  Options:=adCmdText

      rstRecordset.Fields.Refresh
    
        Range("D2").CopyFromRecordset rstRecordset
        'MsgBox rstRecordset.Fields.Count

     Dim cell As Range, i As Long
    With Range("A1").CurrentRegion
        For i = 0 To rstRecordset.Fields.Count - 1
            .Cells(1, i + 1).Value = rstRecordset.Fields(i).Name
        Next i
        .EntireColumn.AutoFit
        
    End With

 rstRecordset.Close
Set rstRecordset = Nothing

 End Sub


If the query is successful, result will be like this, two yellow Saturday nights:



There are of course instances, where just a pure VBA code will do the job. Need to weigh down what would be the best choice to use.

Mileage will always vary, if you find SQL query statements easy to use then it will be not be hard to use it on Excel VBA.

Hope it helps to get started on how to use SQL queries in VBA.


Enjoy VBA coding..and have fun!!!

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